Asian Roots in Canada

Asian roots in Canada reach back to the 19th century, when Chinese migrants came for the gold rush and then laid track for the Canadian Pacific Railway—work that cost hundreds of lives and helped knit the country from coast to coast. In the decades that followed, communities formed around laundries, markets, and cafés, and by 2021 more than 1.7 million people of Chinese origin called Canada home (about 4.7% of the population). Vancouver’s Chinatown—designated a National Historic Site in 2010—still anchors that story in brick and neon, while Toronto’s Chinatowns trace lines from The Ward’s early laundries to today’s bustling grocers and dim sum halls.

The history includes hard chapters: a punitive Head Tax (raised to $500 by 1903) and the Chinese Immigration Act, 1923, which effectively barred Chinese immigration until its repeal in 1947—measures formally apologized for by the federal government in 2006. Yet food endured as a language of belonging: hand-pulled noodles and BBQ pork buns, Lunar New Year sweets, Cantonese cafés that served chop suey to prairie towns and late-night student crowds alike.

Japanese Canadians arrived in significant numbers in the early 20th century, fishing, farming, and opening shops along the Pacific. In 1942, more than 22,000 were forcibly uprooted and interned; four decades later, Canada issued an apology and $21,000 in redress to each surviving internee. The cultural thread was never lost: the Powell Street Festival in Vancouver has celebrated Japanese Canadian arts and community since 1977, and the Nitobe Memorial Garden at UBC stands as a tranquil bridge between cultures.

Culinarily, these roots reshaped daily Canadian eating. Dim sum weekends are a family ritual from Richmond to Markham; sushi moved from novelty to neighbourhood staple—helped along by West Coast innovation like the now-ubiquitous California roll often linked to Vancouver chef Hidekazu Tojo. Today, from steaming bowls and tea-house sweets to izakaya grills and hand-rolled maki, Chinese and Japanese traditions continue to meet local catch and Canadian grains—proof that migration writes menus as surely as it writes history.

Asian-Canadian Classics

Indian influence in Canada blossomed with the 1967 points system, which opened the door to new waves of immigration from South Asia; by 2021, South Asians made up about 7.1% of the population, with Indian communities anchoring neighbourhoods from Brampton to Surrey. On Toronto’s Gerrard Street, the Gerrard India Bazaar grew around a 1972 cinema showing Bollywood films, and the strip still hums with samosas, spice shops, and sweet houses. Festivals stitched the culture into everyday life—Surrey’s Vaisakhi Parade now draws roughly 500,000 people, one of the largest anywhere. Food tells the story at the table: naan and tandoori, chai and chaat, butter chicken and biryani—once “immigrant dishes,” now Canadian comfort. And the ties keep deepening: in 2022, India was Canada’s top source of new permanent residents (27%), a reminder that this influence is living, growing, and delicious.

Indian-Canadian Classics

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